Difference between encoding and encryption

Encoding transforms data into another format using a scheme that is publicly available so that it can easily be reversed.

Encryption transforms data into another format in such a way that only specific individual(s) can reverse the transformation.

For Summary -

Encoding is for maintaining data usability and uses schemes that are publicly available.

Encryption is for maintaining data confidentiality and thus the ability to reverse the transformation (keys) are limited to certain people.

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